铜及铜合金制件的化学抛光
方景礼
(广州市达志化工科技有限公司,广州 511365)
摘 要:介绍了目前常用的两种铜及铜合金化学抛光体系——硝酸及其盐系列和过氧化氢系列的工艺配方。对硝酸及其盐系列中的3种体系(包括HN03-HZS04-HCI体系及茸敌性体系和HN03 -H3 P04 -CH3 COOH体系)的锭反铜舍金化学抛光工艺进行了研究,指出了饽系甲备纽分(包}占醛酸、硝酸盐、硫酸、光亮剂(含缓蚀荆和取面活·牲剂’J)的作用。同时介绍了过氧化氲系列化学.光工艺流程,提出了其配方(1)的使用注
意事项。
关键词:铜;铜合金;化学抛光;工艺配方中图分类号:TQ175.3 文献标识码:B
文章编号:1004 - 227X( 2005) 09 - 0036 - 06
Series lectures on metal chenucal polisbing technics PartⅢ- Chemical polislung technics for copper and
its alloy//FANG Jing-Ii Abstract: Process formulas of two kinds of currently used chemical polishing systems of copper and its alloy-series of nitric acid and its salt and series of hydrogen peroxide were introduced. Three kinds of chemical polishing technics for copper and its alloy including HN03-H2S04-HCl system and its modified one and system of HN03-H3P04-CH3COOH were studibd. Actions of various components including nitric acid, nitrate, sulfuric acid, brightener( containing corro-sion inhibitor and surfactant) were presented. The process flow of chenucal polishing of hydrogen peroxide series and attention items in using formula (1) were allgJven.
Keywords: copper; copper alloy; chemical polishing; technical formula
1前言
铜及铜合金的化学抛光(也称为光亮酸洗)在工业生产中已获得广泛的应用。目前在生产上应用的化学抛光液,若按所用氧化剂来分类,主要有以下三种类型(同时混用两种氧化剂的除外):(1)硝酸及其盐系列,包括 HNO,-H2 S04 -HC1,HN03-H2S04--CH3COOH, HN03-H2S04-CH3COOH, HN03 -H3 P04 -CH3 COOH, HN03 -H2 SOH4 -HCI-Cr03, HN03 -H3 POH4 -CH3COOH-HCI, NaN03-H2S04-HCl, NH4N03-H2S04-NaCl;(2)铬酸盐系列,包括Naz Cr20,-H2 S04 -HCI,K2 Cr20,-H2 S04 -添加剂;(3)过氧化氢系列,包括H2 02 -H2 S04 -添加剂,H2 02 -H3 P04 -HC1,H2 02 -H3 P04 -H3803,H2 02 -H2 C2 04 -添加剂。
目前生产上应用较广的是硝酸及其盐系列和过氧化氢系列。前者因成本低,抛光效果好,而且产生的氮氧化物大部分已被抑制,因而受到人们的欢迎。
过氧化氢系列囚为没有污染,在污染控制较严格的工厂受到重视。铬酸盐系列因成本高,废水处理费用高,有Cr(Ⅵ)的污染问题,所以在工业生产上的应用越来越少。